Assessment of antioxidant activity in Vaucheria sessilis extracts and their efficacy against isolated Candida spp. from diabetic foot ulcers

Zainab Mohsen Ibrahim Al Knani^¹✉,  Ahmed Shaker Al Ashoor^² and Alla Nasser Hussein^¹

 ^¹Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq

^²Marshes Research Center- University of Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq

Received: Jul 27, 2023/ Revised: Aug 24, 2023/Accepted: Aug 27, 2023

(✉) Corresponding Author: zainab.mohsen@sci.utq.edu.iq.

 Abstract

This study was carried out in order to assess the biological efficacy of separated extracts of V. sessilis as an Antioxidant and antifungal against isolated candida spp. from diabetic foot ulcers. Several tests were used to identify the presence of active chemical compounds in V. sessilis and we note that the V. sessilis is rich in active substances. showed phytochemical results were found for the extracted ethanol 70% contain carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, glycosides, triterpenoid and saponin, and negative detection for Tannin, Steroid, and Amino acid. The antioxidant activity of V. sessilis extracts was assessed by decreasing the radical scavenging activity of (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Results exhibited that all extracts have antioxidant activity with different concentrations, showed the superiority of the polyphenol 86.02 % inhibition ratio at (1000 μg/ ml), flavonoid   84.05 % at (1000 μg/), and hexane extract 68.5 % at (1000 μg / ml) compared to ascorbic acid, which recorded 81.17% at a concentration of 1000 μg/ml. Whereas, the hexane extract recorded the lowest inhibition rate at (50 μg /ml). Efficacy showed of separated extracts from V. sessilis as antifungal activity using well diffusion plate method. The polyphenol extract (VP) was the highest activity against all isolated candida spp. from foot ulcers of diabetic patients, while the other extracts showed varying activity against different candida spp.at P. value < 0.01. The results that a high Zone rate of inhibition/mm² was (26.7 ± 0.6) against C. albicanis, while no inhibition/mm² (9.8± 0.8) for hexane extract against the same candida.  HPLC analysis indicated the presence of 7 compounds in separated polyphenol extract of V.sessilis (Chlorogenic acid, Ferulic acid, Gallic acid, Rutin, Qurcetine, Kaempferol and Apigenin) with specific retention times. The detected compounds possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. These results suggested that separated extracts from V. sessilis have high antioxidant and antifungal activities. In the future, V. sessilis extracts could become one of the important alternatives in infection treatment, even if in a limited way due to the spread of candida spp. that are resistant to antifungals.

Keywords: Antioxidant Activity, HPLC, V. sessilis, Active chemical compounds, Antifungal Activity

References

Al-Fartusie, F. S. (2021, March). Antioxidant vitamins and their effect on immune system. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1853, No. 1). IOP Publishing.

AL-Kunan, Z. M. I. (2015). Study alcoholic extract effecting of Punica granatum L. plant in the growth of two types of algae Microcystis sp. & Chroococcus sp. Univesity of Thi-Qar Journal, 10(3).

Altemimi, A., Choudhary, R., Watson, D. G., & Lightfoot, D. A. (2015). Effects of ultrasonic treatments on the polyphenol and antioxidant content of spinach extracts. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 24, 247-255.

Aziz, M. A., Diab, A. S., & Mohammed, A. A. (2019). Antioxidant categories and mode of action. Antioxidants, 2019, 3-22.

Benavente-Valdés, J. R., Morales-Oyervides, L., & Montañez, J. (2020). Plant-Based Pigments: Novel Extraction Technologies and Applications. Plant Metabolites: Methods, Applications and Prospects, 379-400.

Bhakya, S., Muthukrishnan, S., Sukumaran, M., & Muthukumar, M. (2016). Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Applied Nanoscience, 6, 755-766.

Bobby, M. N., Wesely, E. G., & Johnson, M. (2012). High performance thin layer chromatography profile studies on the alkaloids of Albizia lebbeck. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 2(1), S1-S6.

Bouarab Chibane, L., Degraeve, P., Ferhout, H., Bouajila, J., & Oulahal, N. (2019). Plant antimicrobial polyphenols as potential natural food preservatives. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 99(4), 1457-1474.

Dibacto, R. E. K., Tchuente, B. R. T., Nguedjo, M. W., Tientcheu, Y. M. T., Nyobe, E. C., Edoun, F. L. E., … & Medoua, G. N. (2021). Total polyphenol and flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of some varieties of Persea americana peels consumed in Cameroon. The Scientific World Journal, 2021.

El-Tablawy, N. H., Mansour, H. A., & Shaaban, A. E. S. M. (2020). Antioxidant activities of some edaphic algae in Egypt. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 9(1), 1-11.

Farhoud, A. H., & Hussein, A. N. (2021). Chemical constituents and antioxidants of Lycium barbarum L. University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science, 8(2), 58-66.

Fayaz, M., Bhat, M. H., Kumar, A., & Jain, A. K. (2017). Comparative studies on different solvents used for the extraction of phytochemicals from the plant parts of Arnebia benthamii.(wall ex. G. Don) Johnston. J. Chem. Pharm. Res, 9(1), 220-4.

Gaya, K. S., MG, R. B., & Mathew, L. (2016). A preliminary phytochemical study of salvinia molesta, north paravur, ernakulam, kerala, india. Journal of Global Biosciences, 5(1), 3437-3441.

Guiry, M. D., & Guiry, G. M. (2014). AlgaeBase version 4.2. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Available from: http.

Gutierrez, R. M. P. (2009). An antibacterial sesquiterpene lactone from fresh-water alga Vaucheria sessilis. Latin American and Caribbean Bulletin of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 8(4), 289-294.

Harborne, A. J. (1998). Phytochemical methods a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. springer science & business media.

Hu, W. G., Lai, E. C., Liu, H., Li, A. J., Zhou, W. P., Fu, S. Y., & Wu, M. C. (2011). Diagnostic difficulties and treatment strategy of hepatic angiomyolipoma. Asian Journal of Surgery, 34(4), 158-162.

Ibrahim, Z. M., Buhlool, M. A., Ameen, I. A., & Khudhair, I. H. Study Aicoholic Extract Effecting of Orange Plant in the Growth of Two Types of Algae Microcystis Sp. & Chroococcus Sp‖. IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences (IMPACT: IJRANSS) Vol, 3, 35-42.

Jideani, A. I., Silungwe, H., Takalani, T., Omolola, A. O., Udeh, H. O., & Anyasi, T. A. (2021). Antioxidant-rich natural fruit and vegetable products and human health. International Journal of Food Properties, 24(1), 41-67.

Khadim, R. M., & Al-Fartusie, F. S. (2021, March). Antioxidant vitamins and their effect on immune system. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1853, No. 1, p. 012065). IOP Publishing.

Khalif, O. K. and Al-Waheeb, H. N. A. (2020). The Ptential Effect of Plants Extract and Combination with Antibiotic Against Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Respiratory Tract Infection. University of Thi-Qar.

Loizzo, M. R., & Silva, A. S. (2021). Natural Antioxidants: Innovative Extraction and Application in Foods. Foods, 10(5), 937.

Muralidhar, A., Broady, P. A., Macintyre, D. P., Wilcox, M. D., Garrill, A., & Novis, P. M. (2014). Morphological and phylogenetic characterization of seven species of Vaucheria (Xanthophyceae), including two new species, from contrasting habitats in New Zealand. Phytotaxa, 186(3), 117-136.

Naveen, N. E., Manjunatha, U. B., Kumar, M. D., Jayaprakash, S. M., & Chaitanya, H. S. (2020). Yellow-green algae (Vaucheria sp.): A new weed reported in transplanted rice from the coastal Karnataka and its management. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 52(4), 322-325.

Nemzer, B. V., Yashin, A. Y., Vedenin, A. N., Yashin, Y. I., Yashunsky, D. V., Nifantiev, N. E., & Kalita, D. (2019). Selected powerful natural antioxidants: structure, food sources, antioxidant activities, and important health benefits. J Food Res, 8(1), 60.

Parcheta, M., Świsłocka, R., Orzechowska, S., Akimowicz, M., Choińska, R., & Lewandowski, W. (2021). Recent developments in effective antioxidants: The structure and antioxidant properties. Materials, 14(8), 1984.

Potter, D., Saunders, G. W., & Andersen, R. A. (1997). Phylogenetic relationships of the Raphidophyceae and Xanthophyceae as inferred from nucleotide sequences of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene. American Journal of Botany, 84(7), 966-972.

Sagar, S. and Rastogi, A. A. (2019).  comparative investigation on biosorption   performances   of   non-viable Vaucheriasp. and Charasp. for a hazardous basic dye –methylene   blue,J.Applicable   chem; 8(1): 335-350.

Sani, I., Sule, F. A., Warra, A. A., Bello, F., Fakai, I. M., & Abdulhamid, A. (2013). Phytochemicals and mineral elements composition of white Sesamum indicum L. seed oil. Int J Trad Nat Med, 2(118), 130.

Seyoum, A., Asres, K., & El-Fiky, F. K. (2006). Structure–radical scavenging activity relationships of flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 67(18), 2058-2070.

Taia, W. K. (2006). Family Boraginaceae: Hair variations and their significance in the systematic of the Genera. Asian J. Plant Sci, 5(3), 441-454.

Ubando-Rivera, J., Navarro-Ocaña, A., & Valdivia-López, M. A. (2005). Mexican lime peel: Comparative study on contents of dietary fibre and associated antioxidant activity. Food Chemistry, 89(1), 57-61.

Vincent, R. R., Appukuttan, D. E. V. A. P. R. I. Y. A., Prakash, P. S. G., Victor, D. J., & Vincent, R. R. (2017). Oxidative stress: Role in pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Sci, 8, 1033-1041.

Vuran, V., Pabuccu, K., Demiriz, T., & Elmastas, M. (2012). Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic compounds of Vaucheria geminata (Vaucher) DC.

Xiao, F., Xu, T., Lu, B., & Liu, R. (2020). Guidelines for antioxidant assays for food components. Food Frontiers, 1(1), 60-69.https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.10.

Yadav, S., & Kumar, P. (2012). Production, isolation and identification of flavonoids from aerial parts of Hiptage benghalensis. Int J Life Sci Pharma Res, 2(3), 1-5.

How to cite this article

Al-Knani, Z. M. I., Al-Ashoor, A. S. and Hussein, A. N. (2023). Assessment of antioxidant activity in Vaucheria sessilis extracts and their efficacy against isolated Candida spp. from diabetic foot ulcers. Microbial Science Archives, Vol. 3(3), 112-119. https://doi.org/10.47587/MSA.2023.3306

Licence                  Article Metadata